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Annual Plant Reviews, Plant Mitochondria


Annual Plant Reviews, Plant Mitochondria


Annual Plant Reviews 50. Aufl.

von: David C. Logan

179,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 07.12.2017
ISBN/EAN: 9781118906590
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 400

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Beschreibungen

<p><b>This long-awaited second edition </b><b>covers the major changes that have occurred in the field over the last decade</b> </p> <p>Completely revised with the most up-to-date research and including brand new chapters, <i>Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition</i> presents the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in plants. The book starts with a short history of plant mitochondrial research; discusses how coevolution shaped plant mitochondrial gene expression; explains control of number, shape, size, and motility of mitochondria; delves into stress responses and roles in stress alleviation in mitochondrial biochemistry; covers the damage repair pathway of the Calvin-Benson cycle; and more.</p> <p>Containing sections written by many of the world’s leading researchers in this area, this book brings together and reviews for the first time many recent advances. It offers chapters on: Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen & Chondriosomes; The Crosstalk Between Genomes; The Dynamic Chondriome; Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria; RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation; Mitochondrial Regulation and Signalling in the Photosynthetic Cell; Mitochondrial Biochemistry; Ecophysiology of Plant Respiration; Photorespiration; and Mitochondria and Cell Death.</p> <p><i>Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition</i> is an extremely important and timely book that will be of great use and interest to plant scientists, cell and molecular biologists, and biochemists. </p>
<p>List of Contributors xv</p> <p>Preface xvii</p> <p><b>1 Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen and Chondriosomes: A Short Incomplete History of Plant Mitochondrial Research 1<br /></b><i>David C. Logan and Iain Scott</i></p> <p>1.1 Discovery 1</p> <p>1.2 Complexity of nomenclature 2</p> <p>1.2.1 Discoveries of mitochondria in plants 2</p> <p>1.3 Mitochondrial are dynamic 3</p> <p>1.4 Mitochondrial function and outputs 4</p> <p>1.4.1 Vital staining of mitochondria with Janus green B and identification of mitochondria as sites of redox 5</p> <p>1.4.2 Special features of plant mitochondria 6</p> <p>1.5 Mitochondrial DNA 6</p> <p>1.5.1 Mitochondria, photosynthesis and carbon cycling 7</p> <p>1.5.2 A trigger for death 7</p> <p>1.6 Known knowns, known unknowns and unknown unknowns of mitochondrial biology 8</p> <p>References 9</p> <p><b>2 Mitochondrial DNA Repair and Genome Evolution 11<br /></b><i>Alan C. Christensen</i></p> <p>2.1 Plant mitochondrial genomes are large and variable 11</p> <p>2.1.1 Low mutation rates in genes 11</p> <p>2.1.2 Genome Organization 12</p> <p>2.1.3 Genome replication 13</p> <p>2.2 The mutational burden hypothesis 13</p> <p>2.2.1 Problems with the MBH and mutation rate measurements 13</p> <p>2.3 DNA repair?]based hypothesis 16</p> <p>2.4 Additional mechanisms of DNA repair 19</p> <p>2.4.1 Mismatch repair and MSH1 20</p> <p>2.4.2 Nucleotide excision repair 22</p> <p>2.5 Outcomes of DNA repair 22</p> <p>2.6 How repair processes affect genome evolution 23</p> <p>2.7 Unanswered questions 24</p> <p>Acknowledgements 25</p> <p>References 26</p> <p><b>3 The Cross?]Talk Between Genomes: How Co?]Evolution Shaped Plant Mitochondrial Gene Expression 33<br /></b><i>Françoise Budar and Hakim Mireau</i></p> <p>3.1 Introduction 33</p> <p>3.2 Evidence showing the versatility of factors involved in plant mitochondria gene expression 35</p> <p>3.2.1 Transcription 35</p> <p>3.2.2 RNA maturation 38</p> <p>3.2.3 RNA editing 41</p> <p>3.2.4 Intron splicing 44</p> <p>3.3 Mitochondrial gene expression: co?]evolution makes sense 46</p> <p>3.3.1 Co?]evolution of cytoplasmic male sterility 46</p> <p>3.3.2 Most Rf genes encode PPR proteins 48</p> <p>3.4 Co?]evolution scenarios 50</p> <p>3.5 Conclusion and perspectives 54</p> <p>References 54</p> <p><b>4 The Dynamic Chondriome: Control of Number, Shape, Size and Motility of Mitochondria 67<br /></b><i>David C. Logan and Gaël Paszkiewicz</i></p> <p>4.1 Introduction 67</p> <p>4.2 Motility 68</p> <p>4.2.1 Actin?]mediated displacement 68</p> <p>4.2.2 Microtubules 70</p> <p>4.3 Number 71</p> <p>4.3.1 Division 71</p> <p>4.3.2 A dynamin?]independent division mechanism? 80</p> <p>4.3.3 Fusion 81</p> <p>4.4 The chondriostat: mitochondrial dynamics during development and following modification of cell environment 86</p> <p>4.5 Mitochondrial quality control and regulation of dynamics to enable selective degradation of mitochondria 88</p> <p>4.5.1 The mitophagy apparatus 89</p> <p>4.5.2 FRIENDLY/Clu?]type proteins 92</p> <p>4.6 Case study: mitochondrial dynamics during germination 94</p> <p>4.6.1 The germination process 94</p> <p>4.6.2 The chondriome during germination 96</p> <p>4.7 Conclusions 99</p> <p>Acknowledgements 99</p> <p>References 100</p> <p><b>5 Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria 111<br /></b><i>Gianpiero Vigani and Marc Hanikenne</i></p> <p>5.1 Introduction 111</p> <p>5.2 Iron 114</p> <p>5.2.1 Heme and Fe?]S clusters 114</p> <p>5.2.2 Fe binding proteins 117</p> <p>5.2.3 Fe transport 119</p> <p>5.3 Copper 121</p> <p>5.4 Zinc 123</p> <p>5.5 Manganese 125</p> <p>5.6 Trace metals in plant mitochondria 128</p> <p>5.7 Metallome perturbation within mitochondria 129</p> <p>5.8 Conclusions 132</p> <p>Acknowledgements 132</p> <p>References 133</p> <p><b>6 RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation 143<br /></b><i>Michal Zmudjak and Oren Ostersetzer?]Biran</i></p> <p>6.1 Introduction 143</p> <p>6.2 The mitochondrial transcription machinery 145</p> <p>6.2.1 Analyses of mitochondrial promoter regions 146</p> <p>6.2.2 RNA polymerases 147</p> <p>6.2.3 Co?]factors of the mitochondria transcription machinery 148</p> <p>6.3 Post?]transcriptional RNA processing 151</p> <p>6.3.1 Trimming, RNA end?]processing and decay in plant mitochondria 151</p> <p>6.3.2 RNA editing 155</p> <p>6.3.3 Splicing of mitochondrial group II introns 159</p> <p>Acknowledgements 168</p> <p>References 168</p> <p><b>7 Mitochondrial Regulation and Signalling in the Photosynthetic Cell: Principles and Concepts 185<br /></b><i>Iris Finkemeier and Markus Schwarzländer</i></p> <p>7.1 Introduction 185</p> <p>7.2 Regulation of protein functions within plant mitochondria 187</p> <p>7.2.1 Regulation of transcription and translation within mitochondria 188</p> <p>7.2.2 Regulation of nuclear gene expression 189</p> <p>7.2.3 Regulation of cytosolic translation and protein import into mitochondria 192</p> <p>7.2.4 Regulation of protein turnover within mitochondria 194</p> <p>7.2.5 Regulation of function and activity of mitochondrial proteins by post?]translational modifications and small molecules 195</p> <p>7.2.6 Regulation of mitochondrial number and organization as set by motility, fission, fusion and mitophagy 207</p> <p>7.3 Integration of chloroplast and mitochondrial regulation and signalling 209</p> <p>7.3.1 Mitochondria and chloroplasts make up a joint operational unit in the light 209</p> <p>7.3.2 Operational integration of mitochondria and chloroplasts requires interdependent regulation 210</p> <p>7.3.3 Does the concept of ‘mitochondrial retrograde signalling’ need rethinking for green plant cells? 211</p> <p>Acknowledgements 214</p> <p>References 214</p> <p><b>8 Mitochondrial Biochemistry: Stress Responses and Roles in Stress Alleviation 227<br /></b><i>Richard P. Jacoby, A. Harvey Millar and Nicolas L. Taylor</i></p> <p>8.1 Introduction 227</p> <p>8.2 Plant mitochondrial oxidative stress 228</p> <p>8.2.1 Accumulation of ROS in mitochondria 228</p> <p>8.2.2 ROS?]induced lipid peroxidation in mitochondria 230</p> <p>8.2.3 Metallome changes during oxidative stress 231</p> <p>8.2.4 Proteome changes during oxidative stress 232</p> <p>8.3 Plant mitochondrial roles in harsh environments and in a changing climate 234</p> <p>8.3.1 Mitochondrial roles under temperature stress 236</p> <p>8.3.2 The roles of mitochondria in mediating drought tolerance 237</p> <p>8.3.3 Mitochondrial respiration and salinity stress 240</p> <p>8.4 Stress?]dissipating roles of plant mitochondrial metabolism and products 243</p> <p>8.4.1 Mitochondrial impact on photosynthetic functions during environmental stress 243</p> <p>8.4.2 Root?]specific mitochondrial processes mediating tolerance to unfavourable soil conditions 245</p> <p>8.4.3 Cellular survival during and following stress requires mitochondrial metabolism and its products 246</p> <p>8.5 Future perspectives 247</p> <p>Acknowledgements 247</p> <p>References 247</p> <p><b>9 Ecophysiology of Plant Respiration 269<br /></b><i>Néstor Fernández Del?]Saz and Miquel Ribas?]Carbo</i></p> <p>9.1 Introduction 269</p> <p>9.2 What is respiration? 269</p> <p>9.3 The CO2/O2 paradigm 271</p> <p>9.4 Oxygen consumption 273</p> <p>9.4.1 Measuring oxygen uptake of organs 273</p> <p>9.4.2 The regulation of oxygen uptake 274</p> <p>9.4.3 Plant respiration at the ecosystem scale 277</p> <p>9.5 CO2 production 278</p> <p>9.5.1 Measuring organ CO2 production 278</p> <p>9.5.2 IRGA 279</p> <p>9.5.3 Environmental effects on CO2 measurement 280</p> <p>9.5.4 Plant and ecosystem scale 281</p> <p>9.5.5 Open top chambers (small?]community studies) 281</p> <p>9.5.6 Free?]air CO2 enrichment 282</p> <p>9.6 Carbon balance 283</p> <p>9.6.1 Ecosystem carbon balance (eddies) 283</p> <p>9.6.2 Global carbon balance 284</p> <p>References 284</p> <p><b>10 Photorespiration – Damage Repair Pathway of the Calvin–Benson Cycle 293<br /></b><i>Hermann Bauwe</i></p> <p>10.1 Introduction 293</p> <p>10.2 Photorespiration prevents potential damage from a side reaction of RuBP carboxylase 295</p> <p>10.3 Plant photorespiratory carbon metabolism 296</p> <p>10.3.1 Glycolate 2?]phosphate becomes dephosphorylated to glycolate 297</p> <p>10.3.2 Glycolate is converted into glycine in the peroxisome 300</p> <p>10.3.3 Glycolate oxidation 301</p> <p>10.3.4 H2O2 degradation 302</p> <p>10.3.5 Transamination of glyoxylate to glycine 303</p> <p>10.3.6 Mitochondrial reactions combine two molecules of glycine to form serine and CO2 305</p> <p>10.3.7 Back in the peroxisome, hydroxypyruvate is produced from serine and becomes oxidized to glycerate 316</p> <p>10.3.8 Back in the chloroplast, 3PGA is formed to replenish the Calvin–Benson cycle 317</p> <p>10.4 Interaction of photorespiration with other aspects of metabolism 318</p> <p>10.4.1 Plant photorespiratory nitrogen cycle 318</p> <p>10.4.2 TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation 321</p> <p>10.5 Improving photosynthesis 322</p> <p>Acknowledgement 323</p> <p>References 324</p> <p><b>11 Mitochondria and Cell Death 343<br /></b><i>Olivier van Aken</i></p> <p>11.1 Introduction 343</p> <p>11.2 Conservation of mitochondrial PCD pathways in plants 344</p> <p>11.3 The role of mitochondrial ROS in plant PCD 347</p> <p>11.4 Non?]ROS?]related molecules and plant PCD 350</p> <p>11.5 An update on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore 351</p> <p>11.6 Senescence, autophagy and PCD 354</p> <p>11.7 Interactions between mitochondria and chloroplasts during PCD 355</p> <p>11.8 Conclusions 357</p> <p>Acknowledgements 359</p> <p>References 360</p> <p>Index</p>
<p> David C. Logan, PhD<br> <i>Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Université d'Angers, France.</i>
<p> <b>This long-awaited second edition covers the major changes that have occurred in the field over the last decade</b> <p> Completely revised with the most up-to-date research and including brand new chapters, <i>Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition</i> presents the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in plants. The book starts with a short history of plant mitochondrial research; discusses how coevolution shaped plant mitochondrial gene expression; explains control of number, shape, size, and motility of mitochondria; delves into stress responses and roles in stress alleviation in mitochondrial biochemistry; covers the damage repair pathway of the Calvin-Benson cycle; and more. <p> Containing sections written by many of the world's leading researchers in this area, this book brings together and reviews for the first time many recent advances. It offers chapters on: Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen & Chondriosomes; Mitochondrial DNA Repair and Genome Evolution; The Crosstalk Between Genomes; The Dynamic Chondriome; Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria; RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation; Mitochondrial Regulation and Signalling in the Photosynthetic Cell; Mitochondrial Biochemistry and Stress Responses; Ecophysiology of Plant Respiration; Photorespiration; and Mitochondria and Cell Death. <p><i>Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2<sup>nd</sup> Edition</i> is an extremely important and timely book that will be of great use and interest to plant scientists, cell and molecular biologists, and biochemists.

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