Details

Biomechanics of Hard Tissues


Biomechanics of Hard Tissues

Modeling, Testing, and Materials
4. Aufl.

von: Andreas Öchsner, Waqar Ahmed

151,99 €

Verlag: Wiley-VCH
Format: PDF
Veröffentl.: 02.08.2011
ISBN/EAN: 9783527632749
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 322

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Beschreibungen

This monograph assembles expert knowledge on the latest biomechanical modeling and testing of hard tissues, coupled with a concise introduction to the structural and physical properties of bone and cartilage. <br> A strong focus lies on the current advances in understanding bone structure and function from a materials science perspective, providing practical knowledge on how to model, simulate and predict the mechanical behavior of bone. The book presents directly applicable methods for designing and testing the performance of artificial bones and joint replacements, while addressing innovative and safe approaches to stimulated bone regeneration essential for clinical researchers.<br>
1 BONE AND CARTILAGE, ITS STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES<br> Introduction: Growth Conditions, Matter Geometry and Packing, Collagen, Mechanical and Electrochemical Behavior of Porous Matter and Tissues<br> Cartilage Matrix and Types<br> Cartilage Growth and Development: Fetal Development, Mineralization, Growth and Repair, Diseases<br> Regulation of Cartilage Activity and Streaming Potentials in Cartilage<br> Bones as Organs and Tissues: Functions and Types of Bones<br> Structure of Bone: Compact and Trabecular Tissues, Osteons and Cells, Inorganic and Organic Matrix Parts<br> Marrow, Endosteum and Periosteum, Nerves, Blood Vessels and Cartilage<br> Remodeling and its Purposes<br> Bone as a Composite and its Mechanics<br> Bone as a Capillary Porous System<br> Diseases of Bone<br> Bioengineering: Growing Artificial Cartilage and Bone<br> <br> 2 CONSTITUTIVE MODELLING OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF TRABECULAR BONE: CONTINUUM MECHANICAL APPROACHES<br> Introduction<br> Continuum Mechanics<br> Experimental Testing and Material Properties<br> Structure and Idealization<br> Modelling of Mechanical Behavior<br> <br> 3 NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF BONE REMODELING PROCESS CONSIDERING INTERFACE TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION IN TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENTS<br> Introduction<br> Bone Remodeling and Interface Models<br> Bone Remodeling Based on Optimality Conditions<br> Interface Behavior and Adaptation<br> Formulation for Simultaneous Bone Remodeling and Interface Adaptation<br> Finite Element Models and Algorithm<br> Numerical Results<br> Discussion and Concluding Remarks<br> <br> 4 BONE AS A COMPOSITE MATERIAL: NATURAL BONE AND BIOMIMETICS<br> Introduction<br> Phases and Volume Fractions<br> Individual Phase Mechanical Properties<br> Introduction to Composite Mechanics<br> Bone as a Composite: Macro-scale<br> Bone as a Composite: Micro-scale<br> Anisotropy<br> Implications<br> Conclusions<br> <br> 5 MECHANOBIOLOGICAL MODELS FOR BONE TISSUE. APPLICATIONS TO IMPLANT DESIGN<br> Introduction<br> Biological and Mechanobiological Factors in Bone Remodelling and Bone Fracture Healing<br> Phenomenological Models of Bone Remodeling<br> Mechanistic Models of Bone Remodeling<br> Examples of Application of Bone Remodeling Models to Implant Design<br> Models of Tissue Differentiation. Application to Bone Fracture Healing<br> Mechanistic Models of Bone Fracture Healing<br> Modelling the Influence of Some Mechanical Factors in the Course of Bone Fracture Healing<br> Concluding Remarks<br> References<br> <br> 6 BIOMECHANICAL TESTS FOR ORTHOPAEDIC IMPLANTS;<br> TRIBOLOGICAL ISSUES & SIMULATION CONDITIONS<br> Tribological Testing for Orthopaedic Implants: Kinematic and Lubricating Condition, Oxygen Concentration<br> Experimental Analysis for Orthopaedic Implants<br> Finite Element Method Analysis for Orthopaedic Implants<br> <br> 7 SCAFFOLD-BASED BONE REGENERATION<br> Tissue Scaffolds and Their Role in Tissue Regeneration<br> Regenerative Properties of the Body: Processes in Bone Regeneration, Limitations<br> Design Considerations for a Tissue Scaffold: Materials, Architecture, Vascularization, Heterogeneous Approaches<br> Design Methodologies: Outer Geometry, Statistics-, Voroni- and Unit-Cell-Based Design<br> Scaffold Fabrication: Freeze-Drying, Salt Leaching, 3D Fabrication<br> Scaffold Behavior During Regeneration<br> <br> 8 MECHANICAL AND MAGNETIC STIMULATION ON CELLS FOR BONE REGENERATION<br> Introduction<br> Effects of Stimulation on Cells<br> Mechanical Stimulations on Cells<br> Magnetic Stimulations<br> Other Stimulations and Future Developments<br> Conclusion<br> <br> 9 JOINT REPLACEMENT IMPLANTS<br> Introduction<br> Design of Joint Replacement Implants: Regulations, Requirements, Concept and Detail Design, Preclinical and Clinical Testing<br> Joint Replacement Implants for Weight-bearing Joints: Hip, Knee, Ankle;<br> Materials and Fixation Methods<br> Joint Replacement Implants for Joints of the Hand: Fingers, Wrist;<br> Materials and Fixation Methods<br> <br> 10 INTERSTITIAL FLUID MOVEMENT IN CORTICAL BONE TISSUE<br> Introduction<br> Bone Interfaces, Porosities and Fluids<br> The Vascular Structures of Bone<br> The Vascular Porosity<br> The Lacunar Canalicular Porosity<br> The Poroelastic Model for Cortical Bone<br> Electrokinetic Effects in Bone<br> Interchange of Interstitial Fluid between the Vascular and Lacunar Canalicular Porosities<br> <br> 11 BONE IMPLANT DESIGN USING OPTIMIZATION METHODS<br> Introduction<br> Optimization
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Andreas Ochsner is Professor in the Department of Applied Mechanics at the Technical University of Malaysia, Malaysia. Having obtained a Master Degree in Aeronautical Engineering at the University of Stuttgart (1997), Germany, he spent the time from 1997-2003 at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg as a research and teaching assistant to obtain his PhD in Engineering Sciences. From 2003-2006, he worked as Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Head of the Cellular Metals Group affiliated with the University of Aveiro, Portugal. He has published over 140 research papers and organized three international conferences on diffusion in solids and liquids.<br> <br> Waqar Ahmed is Director of the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Innovation at the School of Computing, Technology and Applied Sciences of the University of Central Lancashire, UK. He obtained his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Salford/Strathclyde and holds a certificate in business administration from the University of Warwick. Before pursuing his academic career he worked as an engineer and operations manager in various British companies. Waqar Ahmed acts as editor-in-chief for four international journals devoted to nanomanufacturing and biomaterials and as vice-president of the Society of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology.

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